Manual de limba classique

It can be used to emphasize one part of a sentence. My friend invited Peter to the party. It was my friend who invited Peter to the party.

It is important to manage your time. It is a miracle that nobody was hurt. It is clear why they have succeeded.

It is useless asking to put her mobile away while eating. UNIT 1 Rewrite the following sentences using emphatic It. It is very important to make a reservation. Steve reached his goal. It was Steve who reached his goal. We need to make a reservation. This is very impor- tant. She has some free time. This is a good thing. Wolves attack people. This is not true. She does not sleep enough. This is a bad thing.

This is useful. John threw the book into the fire. Susie met James at the railway station. Susie liked the design on the door very much. My father bought me a new tablet PC yesterday. Collective nouns can be divided into several groups: a collective nouns which have both forms; the singular: a family, a crew; the plural: families, crews.

My family is small. The two families were close neighbours. If the collective noun is taken as a whole unit the verb is used in the singular: e. The crew consists of two hundred sailors. The verb is plural if the persons or things that form the collective noun are considered to be separate: e. My family are early risers. The party were expected to arrive on Thursday.

The poultry are in the yard. In the evening some people came to supper, a writer and two painters with their wives. Defence of peace is the cause of all peoples of the world. The French are a Roman people. Where is the money I gave you yesterday? People going to the same church — a congregation. People going in for the same sport — a team. Do You Know that People playing together — a band. People singing together — a choir. People working at an office — a staff.

Put them in order of importance to you. If you manage your time effectively, you can reach your goals. Practice the conversation and perform it for the class. Where did you go? What did you do there? You are lucky! What do you think? Read the paragraph headings in exercise b. Choose the best answer. There is one extra heading. The text is about 1 different uses of the Internet in the future; 2 how teenagers will use the Internet in the future. Compare and contrast the photos and give your ideas.

Both photos show people using technology, but they are using it differently. In the photo on the right, There are over a hundred million websites today and nobody knows the exact number of web pages. The experts wonder what the internet will be like in the future. Here are some of the predictions. NASA also plans to use the technology on long space journeys. In Japan started the first mo- bile phone Internet service.

Experts say that in the future we will all use our phones to access the Internet. For example, Electrolux already has a fridge that emails a shopping list to a local supermarket in order to arrange the delivery of your shopping to your house. People will be able to display them on any flat surface, such as a table. They will also surf the Internet using these virtual key- boards. They will work using the Internet at home or in their office. People will spend their free time online too. They will connect to the Internet when they are inside or outside.

When did the Internet appear? How can doctors practice difficult operations thanks to the Internet? What do experts say about the future of the mobile phones? How do machines already communicate thanks to the Internet connection? What is the future of the traditional keyboard? How will people spend their free time in the future? Do It at Home Look at the highlighted words.

Circle the correct definition. Say why. Complete with a word. According to A. Pawlowski, if you like to take lots of vacations, the United States is not the place to work. Besides some national holidays, the typical American worker gets two or three weeks off to relax and see the world - much less than what people in many other coun- tries have.

Germany, Australia, Slovenia, Japan require employ- ers to offer four weeks or more of paid vacation to their workers. Then, this is the way Americans work. I can read in order to get the general idea of the text. I can entitle a short text. I can read short simple texts for specific information. Speaking I can speak about holiday activities expressing my likes and dislikes.

I can use simple expressions to ask for information about hotels and accommodation. I can tell a story using simple connectors.

I can give my personal views and opinions. Listening I can understand other people telling about their past experiences. I can understand other people telling about their daily routines at school.

I can fill in some information while listening to other people telling about their life. I can understand the message of short jokes. Writing I can write short simple biographies of some famous people. I can make simple descriptions and comparisons. I can write simple sentences to explain my reasons. I can present some general information about English-speaking countries.

Choose a quotation on vacation and write a paragraph explaining the way you understand it. Evaluate Yourself. Underline the stressed syllable. If you can build buildings, why sit on the beach? I think In some sentences negative and interrogative forms, or the past or future tenses are required.

Open the brackets paying attention to the collective nouns. Use both variants where it is possible. Share the answers with your classmates. Read the following quotations.

Choose the quotation that gives the best definition of politeness. Justify your answer by giving one example. Politeness 1 2 3 a When was the last time someone was rude to you? What happened? What did you thank them for?

Describe this person. British people are very polite. They rarely stand in a line when they wait for a bus. Usually, the people that live in the UK greet each other with a double kiss. Francois de La Rochefoucauld Politeness is half good manners and half good lying. For instance, buying a train ticket requires at least seven of these.

Another sign of politeness is queuing. The British people stand in a line even at the bus station. Some foreigners consider that queuing is the true national British sport and not cricket or football. Take forms of address, for example. But in most European countries this is common polite behaviour. And of course, the English find touching, hugging and kissing really terrifying, because these types of body language are for family members and very close friends. But most Europeans find the Latin habit of shaking hands and a friendly kiss quite charming.

And the young are changing traditional greetings. Study the following polite requests and ways of responding to them. Draw a next to polite acceptances of the request and a next to polite rejections. Put down what the first speakers request and if the requests can be fulfilled. Explain how the young, the middle-aged and the elderly greet each other. Do It at Home e. The first speaker is asking for the way to the bus station. Polite requests Polite responses.

Could you carry my bag for me? Could you bring your laptop with you? Yes, of course. Could you tell me what time it is? Let me have a look. Do you know what time the museums open? Would you mind coming with me? Would you mind helping me with my homework? Would you mind coming earlier tomorrow? Right Excuse me, Sir.

Share it with the class. Match the words in Column B with their definitions in Column A. There is one extra definition that you do not need to use. Think what you will say.

Present it to your class- mate. Share the things you have in common. Caring is in the third place after academic success and personal happiness, according to a recent survey of 10, middle and high school students from 33 schools across the US that was conducted by Harvard University. Column A Column B a an examination of opinions, behaviour, made by asking people questions b for or out of every c looking after something or somebody d to organize a particular activity e protecting someone or something and providing what that person or thing needs f to take some things and leave others g the most important 1.

The American students consider The difference is Take notes of the answers. Justin should have learned to manage his time better. What should they have done to avoid the mess? Write as many sentences as you can in 5 minutes. Compare your sentences with your classmates.

They should have washed the dishes. Complete the table with the required information. I asked my classmate My classmate considers My classmate stated Choose a question from ex. Bring arguments. Make the false ones true. Great Lies fragment Jo Donelly 1. Every day we tell one thousand lies. The lies we tell everyday do not hurt anybody. People choose to lie because white lies save our lives. Lies make people happy. People want to know what kind of cabbage was used in their salad.

According to the text, what truths do the following lies hide? Does the text reflect the reality of the role of lies in our society? Not cruel lies. Not harmful lies. Not lies that matter. No, of course not. Your cheque is in the post. Fresh today. I will call you. Nothing like this has ever happened before. Of course, I love only you. But lying saves time and worries. It makes every- body happier than they would be if they always told or had to listen to the truth.

Not likely. Moreover, if you want to sell your car, you are not going to tell the buyer that the door does not lock. Some guests might tell this lie when they did not like the dinner.

Interview each other. Match the pictures with the sentences. The liar or the person lied to? Do It at Home 1 2 Describe the message of the cartoon in words, commenting on the effects of white lies. Write two short sentences for your classmates encouraging them to tell the truth. Lies are your worst enemies! Label the photos. Jobs 1 2 1.

Do they enjoy their job? Think about it, and take notes of what you will say. Present your answer. What do you do? Where do you work? How long have you been working for this company? Doing what? It must be 7 years already. I am an application developer. I have a flexible schedule. I work for an IT company. I develop applications. He learned to manage his time on the job.

Tim might change his job. Why not? Bring two arguments. What does Joshua do? Who is Joshua for Emma? Who is Emma for Joshua? Do It at Home 1 2 Choose another question from ex. Choose 7 jobs discussed in this lesson and write what each profession is responsible for.

A translator is responsible for correct written translation. A translator is responsible for translating correctly. Joshua has a job. He works for Google as a soft- ware developer. Google is his employer. This company hired him in Therefore, Joshua is a trainer for new employees. His trainees are young people who just graduated from the university. Joshua hopes that Jacob and Emma will become his colleagues after the training.

James is a civil servant. Who employed James? The university hired Ann. Sam is trained by Dan Swift. Who does Dan train? Jordan works for a food company. Who hired Jordan? Dorian Clark hired Mark James. Who is the employee? Who is the employer? In column K write what you know about the British Museum. In column W write what you want to know about it. Take the letter under the verb and put it into the box below the text. There are more verbs than necessary. There are museums of money, animals, time, textile, trains, ships, wax sculptures, the River Thames, famous writers, theatre — everything!

The British Museum was the first museum in the world. From 15 January, everybody could go and see them free of charge in the new museum. What can they see there? Secondly, they can see the Cat Mummies, which are some dead cats from Ancient Egypt and date from the first century AD.

And, the last but not the least, the Rosetta Stone is on display in this museum. And these are just some of the top items you can see on display at this London institution.

Read the text again and match the exhibits mentioned in the text with the pictures. In pairs, study the notes from exercise 1 and discuss what you have learned about the British Museum. Complete column L. But, when you printed it, some of the words were missing. Write questions to find the missing information. Research the museums in the USA or Australia and write a word description of any of the museums located in one of these countries.

Include a description of the whole collection and of two exhibits on display in this museum. John How are you? Today I have been to the 1. When you come to London, you must visit it. You need to spend there 2. The museum has 3. I loved seeing for the first time the painting of some famous British painters such as Thomas Gainsborough, 4. I hope things are going well at home. They do not have a plural form but they take a plural verb and are used with the definite article the.

I should have bought this book yesterday. But I did not buy it yesterday so I do not have it now. But he missed the class yesterday. Form nouns from the following adjectives: e.

I feel sick. I ate all the chocolate. Finish the following sentences. Read the first sentence in each item. Circle the letter of the sentence that is closest in meaning. He should have called me last night.

Dan should have told the doctor about the accident that he had last year. Sam should have helped the elderly. Now you can not do your homework. Now you are tired. You should have bought that blue sweater yesterday. Now I feel tired. Now she is angry with me. Now they are not talking. UNIT 2 30 Write the correct form of the verb. Use the words below to complete the questions. Pay attention to the tenses of the verbs used in the questions. Then write full answers that are true for you.

There are 13 mistakes in the conversation. Find and correct them. The first was done for you. Jayden: Definitely. William: How long have you been here? William: What have you manage to visit? It is a very peacefull place. You should visit the Smithsonian museums on the National Mall. My favorite museum is National Air and Space Museum. Though much people love the National Museum of Natural History. Jayden: Oh, yes. The museums are on my list. Animal are my passion. I have never seen pandas.

Check my page on FB. William: I will. Jayden: The same here. See you. William: See you. So you should find it there. Have you ever Did you Now nobody believes her. Just keep writing without paying attention to spelling, grammar, etc.

Feel free to write about anything you care about. My classmate cares about Your classmates should try to guess the word.

Do not speak while you are acting or drawing. Zilla should have …. A young girl spent an exotic holiday in Asia. A young girl invented an unforgettable holiday in Asia. A young girl will have great time in Asia. Most of us present our life in social networks a bit more fcolurulo than it really is.

But Dutch student Zilla van den Born did even more: she invented an toeicx five-week holiday across South East Asia from the comfort of her own home. During her nmaigyiar holiday, Zilla did many activities: she snorkeled in clare blue seas and visited temples, she sun- bathed on nysnu beaches and tried new exigctni foods.

The year-old graphics student spent 42 days at home in Amsterdam, photoshopping herself which she then posted on Facebook. So why did she do it? My goal was to demonstrate how easy it is for people to change reality.

Everyone knows that pictures of models are manipulated, but we often forget the fact that we also manipulate reality in our own lives. UNIT 2 32 Play the game in groups of three.

Use a coin to move. For heads move 1 square, for tails move 2 squares. Each player has five seconds to answer the question. Which exhibits are on display at the British Museum? What does a sales representative do? What British painters do you know? Where is the British Museum situated? Why do people tell lies? Who hires: an employer or employee? Is the Coca-Cola Company an employer or an employee?

Would you mind speaking German? What should you have done yesterday? What does a physician do? Which profession keeps track of money? Which professions consult patients? Ask Student B to feed your fish daily. Tell Student A that you will feed the fish.

Give Student B a reason. There is only one free seat. Ask Student A if you could share the table. Thank Student A. Thank Student B. Student A Student B 33 Circle T or F. Pay attention to the tense of the verbs. Yesterday Emma did not tell the truth to my par- ents. Now she feels ashamed. Mike did not help an old lady to carry her bag yes- terday. Brian had a fight with his best friend. Ask somebody to help you with your luggage.

Ask your mom to make you a sandwich. A British company hired me. When you are worried, you are concerned about something. When you queue, you walk through the bus station.

Cruel actions are kind actions. When something matters to you it is important to you. When you are hired, you have a job. Listening Yes No Improve I can identify the main points of a radio program on the topic of jobs. I can identify the main points of a radio program on regrets. Speaking I can request something politely. I can refuse or accept a request politely. I can give advice in the past. I can express my opinion on a familiar topic. Reading I can identify the main idea of a text.

I can understand what the numbers in a text refer to. I can find specific, predictable information in a text. Writing I can write an e-mail to a friend. I can describe a museum from an English speaking country. In the past it was a poor country and not many people visited it.

But nowadays, it is becoming more and more popular with tourists. Medicine and health is improving and its econ- omy is growing. But how do you measure happiness? However, there was another survey of the happiest countries in the world and Iceland was not near the top. The questions on this survey included: How much do you earn? How healthy are you? How safe do you feel? After visiting different countries, the researchers decided that Denmark feels happier than other countries. So does happiness equal money and good health?

Why do people in Bhutan feel happy? Why are people in Iceland happy? Why are people in Denmark happy? Self Assessment Grid Evaluate Yourself. What's she like? What does she look like? Who does she look like? How is she? B a She's tall and slim, with big blue eyes and golden hair. Tell your description in front of the class. Let your classmates guess who you are talking about.

Who can be named a hero? What qualities should a person have to become a hero? What heroes do you know? Who are the heroes of our time? General: attractive, casual, well- dressed, good looking, elegant. Choose a head word for each column from the following: hair, face, nature, age, build, nose. The first one has been done for you.

She looks smart. His hair is long. He has got long hair. He is bald. She is slim. They are in their fifties. The expression of her eyes says that You might want to consider the following: The teacher: tone, enthusiasm, teaching methods and aids, sense of humour, understanding, cooperation, level of interest, ability to handle questions, etc. The students: discipline, enthusiasm, participation, motivation, attitude, cooperation, support, etc.

Add other factors, if necessary how many students did their homework, how much was learned, how the students were appreciated, what the teacher-student re- lationship was. One major type of nonfiction is the essay. An essay is a composition of three or more paragraphs that present and develop one main idea. Some essays are formal — that is, tightly structured and written in an impersonal style. Others are informal, with a looser structure and more personal style.

There are four common types of essays: — Expository essays present or explain information and ideas. An essay should have: — an introduction — a body — a conclusion The introduction of an essay a.

The purpose of the conclusion is: a. Steps for Writing an Essay 1. Write a thesis statement. Write an introduction that includes your thesis statement. Use your outline to write the paragraphs in the body. Use connecting devices to link your thoughts. Add a concluding paragraph. Add a title. Revise your essay for structure, well-developed paragraphs, unity, coherence, empha- sis, and varied and lively sentences and words.

Check your grammar, spelling, and manuscript form. What kind of essay are the passages below from? How do you know? Most birds migrate in silence, but not geese. Whether you are walking down a city street, standing in a suburban backyard, or working in a rural wood lot, you know when geese fly away. He also suffers a painful loss. Despite the suffering and loss, the novel is affirmative and hopeful. Although I love movies, going to see them drives me crazy. For one thing, getting there takes a lot of time.

Another problem is that the theatre itself is seldom a pleasant place to be. Half of the seats seem to be falling apart. The thesis is presented in — the second sentence; — the third sentence; — the fourth sentence. The thesis contains a plan of development. Which words in the thesis announce the major supporting points in the essay? Agree upon the topic sen- tence of each paragraph. Which sentences contain the concluding thought of the essay? Our school is a private one, and quite small compared to oth- er schools in Great Britain.

It has about pupils. Some of them are day pupils, and some live in boarding houses. The boarding houses are either for boys or for girls only. Some of the houses are very big pupils but some of them are rather small pupils.

Each boarding house has a house parent who takes care of the pupils and organizes different activities during weekends or even during the week. West Buckland School was founded in and has a lot of traditions and rules. Everybody has to wear a school uniform see the picture above until , when school ends.

Girls are not allowed to wear jewelry or colour their hair. School starts at but there is breakfast for board- ers at The lunch break is from to , and then the school day continues. Boarders have to be back in their boarding houses between when there is preparation time.

During this time everybody has to stay in the room and study. The pupils are also allowed to watch TV or listen to music during this time. Boarders also have to be in their houses by All the subjects are distributed in five blocks and a pupil in the 6th form that is years 12 and 13, the equi- valent of years 11 and 12 in Moldova is able to study four subjects, each one from a different block.

There are a lot of extra-curricular activities you can participate in. There is a great variety of sports, music les- sons, a theatre club, and a debating society. Within the school there are a lot of fields specially de- signed for rugby, cricket, hockey, netball, golf, and squash. There is also a big gym, and all the classrooms are provided with necessary equipment. Six-formers have their own six form center, where there is a TV, a stereo system, a pool table, and a snack bar.

There are a lot of meetings during the week. On Mon- days there is a school meeting where the headmaster or headteacher is always present. On Tuesday there is a house assembly. A house is like a separate group and they always compete with each other in different events. On Thursday there is a six form meeting where all six formers are gathered, and a lot of interesting themes are discussed. A new system of studying was introduced in the year — all the pupils from lower six year 12 take exams at the end of the year.

During each lesson teachers provide pupils with brand new information from the Internet and from magazines. Pupils have to study more by themselves rather than the teachers providing all the necessary information.

Marks are given from A to E and sometimes in points e. In my school everybody is very friendly. The relation- ships with teachers are very close, and the teachers always try to help if needed.

Brainstorm stereotypes generate similar ideas about something that Moldovan students have about schools in the UK and the USA. To get familiar with the educational systems abroad, read the opinions of two Moldovan stu- dents about schools in the United Kingdom and the USA. Tell what you like and dislike about the schools in the two countries?

Support your opinion with arguments. American high school is of- ten stereotyped in the minds of Moldovan teenagers.

The reality is far from this pic- ture. It is true that overall Ameri- can classes are oriented toward the 4th was lunch.

Students are much more independent than in Moldova. My school is a public school. It is a big one. It has almost students, all high school students. There is no uniform required for students: uniforms are usually obligatory for private schools only. There are certain restrictions on what types of clothes you can were at school.

There is also a uniform required for Physical Education classes. Each of the schools in the United States has coun- selors. These are people who can give you advice concern- ing the school subjects, or about continuing studies at col- lege or university. There were a lot of extra-curricular activities organ- ized for students at my school, all in all over 40 clubs of different kinds. The relationships between students and teachers are much more informal than in Moldova. Students and teach- ers are very friendly.

There are different ceremonies organized in Ame- rican schools. For graduation, students wear special robes see the picture above. Prom is held three-four weeks before the school ends. There is also a senior trip somewhere in the country. Still, studying in an American school can be difficult and even tough. The level of students in these classes is above and average; so is the grading system.

There is a minimum of credits required for gradu- ation. Every subject taken for a period of one semester has a corresponding number of credits. For example a biology class equals to three credits. In high school almost all the classes have the same amount of credits because they are required for graduation.

Another difference between American and Moldovan schools is that you can choose what you want to study. There is a guideline for what should be taken and some of the obligatory classes include English for four years, and Math for two, three or four years depending on the school you are in and the col- lege you want to go to. The other subjects are electives or at least this is what they are called. Every student has to take two science classes and there are four different science classes available, such as Physics, General Science, Chemistry and Astronomy.

So, the student has the choice of any two of these in order to graduate. At my school, we had classes from early in the morn- ing AM to PM. Discuss what is common and what is different between the educational systems in the United Kingdom, the United States, and Moldova. Looking at the title, guess what the text might be about. The tendency of culture is, and will probably conti- nue to be, towards science and away from art and lit- erature I imagine that a hundred years hence every fairly educated person will know a good deal of mathematics, a fair amount of biology, and a great deal about how to make machines.

They will perform all sorts of tasks of extraordinary skill, but will be incapable of considering rationally whether the tasks are worth performing The daily press, presumably, will be killed by broad- casting.

A certain number of weeklies may survive for the expression of minority opinions. But reading may come to be rare practice, its place being taken by listen- ing to the gramophone, or to whatever better invention takes its place. Similarly, writing will be replaced, in or- dinary life by the Dictaphone. It will be an open question whether to work that amount and enjoy leisure, or to work more and enjoy luxuries; presum- ably some will choose one course, some the other.

The hours of leisure will no doubt be spent by most people in dancing, watching football and going to the movies. Children will be no anxiety, since the State will care of them; illness will be very rare; old age will be postponed by rejuvenation till a short time before death.

Explain your point of view. Give your opinion of the future of education, the media and our lifestyle. Project Work. Form two working groups. Within your group make suggestions and write them down. Use visuals diagrams, drawings, etc. The other group will take the role of Parliament and will have to either ap- prove or reject the project and support the decision taken. More English? Spell them correctly.

In some cases more than one variant is possible. Two examples have been done for you. Do you need an excuse? Becky knew nothing about the appointment. He took a long breath and said nothing. The agonizing slowness was harder to endure than no motion at all. With wordless disapproval he set down one after the other the seven small trunks. Speare 8. When you speak about this matter I am always out of my breath.

How long shall we tolerate his irresponsibility and childish behaviour? Roosevelt continued to favour unemployment programs based on work relief rather than wel- fare. May you have success! Prepare and role-play real school life humorous situations in front of your class- mates. Use vocabulary related to the topic school.

Find in the Culture and Civilization lesson some of the following words and compare their use in British and American English. Reflect on some basic principles of learning see the Life Skills box and com- ment on each of them.

Project work. Complete a list of countries in which English has official status and mark them on the world map. Write down the names of the English-speaking countries you know, and mark these countries on the world map.

Use your imagination to make it look nice. Revise the Phonetic Support and Reading Guide at the end of the book to assist you in pronouncing the names of English-speaking countries. Use a dictionary to check your pronunciation. What does the student receive after successfully completing a school? What is the grant awarded to a student by the university called? What is the person who examines a student during the exam called? How can you describe an extraordinarily good student?

Give more adjectives. How do you describe a person who manages to do a lot of things in a short period of time? What kind of knowledge do you need before you study the advanced areas of a subject? What are people who attend the same classes in school called? What is the process of changing the educational system in a country called? What is the institution that takes care of children during the day called?

UNIT 2Our lives are shaped by those who love us. Chesterton Work in groups to define the word family. Read the Learner Training information and give your own definition of the word family. Compare the definitions given by different groups and as a class come up with a more complete and precise one. Search the dictionary for the definition of the word family and com- pare it with the definition given by you.

How are they similar? How are they different? Agree or disagree with the following statements, give arguments to sup- port your opinion. Receiving guests takes a lot of time and is a lot of trouble. Would you prefer any of them to have as an ideal version for your future family? Read the list of household chores below and do the exercises following them. Discuss which of these tasks are usually done by men, and which are done by women.

How do these responsibilities change from family to family? Explain how much time you spend on housework, and what your responsibilities are. Rare, archaic, or obsolete senses are usually listed last. Foster, Cornelia B. Now most fami- lies with children in the USA have two working parents, or a working parent with no spouse. Even though more women than ever are working outside the home, women still spend much more time on housework than men. Women spend close to 12 hours a week cleaning the house and washing clothes; men spend just over two hours.

The more a woman works, the more she earns, and the higher her level of education, the more equally she shares the housework with her spouse; however, the divi- sion of tasks still tends to be along gender lines.

Women like when men participate in household chores. A study of more than married couples found that the more a husband shared in the chores, the less the wife thought about divorce. Another study has found that married men with more education share significantly more in every chore than the married men with less education.

Scan the following texts and state their main ideas. His view is typi- cal of many fathers in America and Britain these days. Some of the issues facing these men are similar to those that faced women thirty years ago, when they started to go out to work. First there is a guilt. Women tend to feel guilty about not being around for their children. Men seem to feel guilty that they are not providing enough. Both also have the uncomfortable feeling that they are breaking the tradition of men working, and women raising families.

Another issue is the attitude of employers. Even today, many men and women are expected to behave as if they have no other life than work.

Few of the companies that say they give equal opportunities to women are happy when a man wants to be home for his family.

There can also be difficulties at home. While men have been reluctant to give up their role as main wage earner for the family, women have been reluctant to give up their roles as main care giver to the children. Thirty years ago women were fighting to take a step up. Today men are seen to be taken a step down if they choose to be at home. This is because it is a step down to earn less than their partner.

But many men are still not convinced. Tell whether the following statements are true or false according to the texts. Correct those that are false. In the s and s the main responsibilities of the house fell upon women. Most women in the USA have a job now. Today men in the USA spend almost five times fewer hours on housework than women do. Women would rather do the household chores by themselves. The more educated a man is, the more conscious he is about the need to help his wife. Women would prefer to spend more time with their children.

Most employers support men being home to raise children. Expressing Opinions 1. My feeling is that I would tend to think that There is no doubt that I believe I am convinced that Underline the facts from the texts that are also relevant to Moldovan families and comment on them. Explain what roles women and men should have in taking care of their homes and families. Use phrases from the following.

To my knowledge As far as I know What we have to realize is In my opinion From my point of view Discuss in groups. How does this change the roles and respon- sibilities of each of the parents and children? What are the positive and negative effects of this on families? How does it affect society in general?

What problems do people who want to leave the country and work abroad face? Describe the ideal family. What should each member of the family do to maintain a healthy, positive relationship with the others. Match the following words from the listening text with the corresponding definitions and state forms of husband-to-wife abuse.

What do you think the reason for domestic violence is? How do you think women feel when abused by their husbands? In your opinion, how should women act in such situations? What would you do or say differently to contribute to a positive atmosphere in the family and make its members feel good? Work in pairs and complete the following tasks.

Remember a case when somebody in your family did something nice for you and share it with the partner. Make up short dialogues on each of the situations to express appreciation to members of your family for what they have done for you.

Present the situations and dialogues in front of the class. Tell why showing appreciation is important. Write a list of nouns to express notions that should serve as a base for a happy family and come up with one or more sentences using each of them.

Share your lists with the class. The first example is given for you. At difficult moments of our life, we all need support and our parents, children, brothers and sisters are the people who offer it to us first.

Offering support to people I love makes them feel good and makes me feel good, as I know I can be useful to others. Support from others helps each of us overcome difficulties. To form the plural of most regular nouns we add -s. The irregular plurals fall into several categories. Nouns with regular spelling but irregular pronunciation. The ending -s is read [z]. Nouns with irregular pronunciation and spelling. Check their pronunciation. Nouns ending in -o. Many of these nouns in the plural are spelt with -es.

Nouns with irregular spelling. Nouns with the same singular and plural forms. Some uncountable nouns cannot be used as count- ables. Quite a different word must be used. They can be singular They can also be plural. Uncountable Nouns and Their Countable Equivalents Add nouns to form partitives denoting specific pieces of uncountable nouns. Fill in the gaps with a partitive to form a meaning- ful word combination. A … of salt will be enough for the soup.

Who knows what a … of man he is. Is he a member of the … of directors? I need six … of wool to knit a pullover for him.

The … of ants was flying to a new colony. Has anyone seen my … of keys? This year the … of potatoes was excellent.

We bought her a … of cutlery as a present. I have been raised always to be polite and considerate of my elders.

I believe strongly in this idea and would never display any type of disrespect anyway. But frequently I wonder why it is that I as typical teenager, or, as some say, a young adult, have rarely been shown that same re- spect from those same adults. A good example occurred recently when a few friends and I went to the mall. One of my friends purchased a compact disc at each of two record stores. As he was leaving the second store, the alarm went off, and two employees rushed at him. One, a woman, grabbed his packages, and the disc that he had bought at the first store fell to the floor and cracked.

She threw it back into the bag. Meanwhile, the other employee found that the cashier had never cleared the alarm device on the second disc. There was no apology.

The woman clerk kicked out my friend and me, and when my friend returned to tell her that she has broken his disc from the first store, she denied it and threatened to call security. Now — do you think that if we had been 20 years older, we would have been subjected to the same dis- respect and hostility? I seriously doubt it. And how do you think most adults react to the word? With thoughts of rude and disrespectful kids? I think that is exactly how they define us. Name the reasons for the most common misunderstandings between you and grown-ups.

Prepare and perform a skit to reflect on the generation gap problem. Roleplay a situation that would show a misunderstanding be- tween adolescents and grown-ups.

Discuss the situations presented. Explain how each situation could be solved or avoided. Brainstorm a list of qualities that you think could help you get along better with people around you, in order to gain their respect. Read the text below. Paragraphs are indicated for you. Give other phrases meaning the same. Answer the questions: a. What is your opinion about the behaviour of the woman clerk in the shop? What other examples in which grown-ups show disrespect toward teenagers does the author show?

How does the author react to these situa- tions? How do they explain the main idea? Have you encountered situations when you have been treated with disrespect?

How did you react to them? Often adults show disrespect toward teenagers. Why do you think this happens? How does it af- fect the teenagers? I cannot tell you how many times I have been in a grocery store or a clothing store or a drugstore and thanked the cashier and in return have received a dirty look or a nasty comment about being a smart-mouthed kid.

But the middle-aged woman in front of me is asked how she is and is told to have a nice day. At Christmas in the post office, the clerk of- fered the elderly man in front of me a choice of stamps with Christmas trees or with the Three Wise Men. When it was my turn, he threw me a sheet of Wise Men and grunted at my thanks. One night, while I and a very sober group of friends were leaving a local convenience store, a po- lice officer walked up and sneeringly told us not to get smashed.

Ha, ha! Big joke! I find these situations so deeply insulting be- cause I was raised in a good home and am a respon- sible person. I was brought up with strong morals and values, and when adults assume differently, I feel degraded.

I try to give adults the benefit of the doubt. For all I know, I could be, thanking murderers at the su- permarkets and holding doors open for child abus- ers. But I am as polite to them as I would be to my own parents. I think that we should be treated with the same respect that we offer.

And though not all of us offer respect to our elders, the ones who do deserve a lot more than they get. Shakespeare Some people think that parents have to yell and shout at their children in order to educate them, others think that all the problems between parents and children have to be solved only by discussing and understanding them. I agree with both ideas, but each approach has to be used at the appropriate time, depending on the age of the child.

For example, the first situation can be used when the child is little. At this point everything can be solved by just discussing things. Cristina, 16 years old Sometimes even a little misunderstanding can be- come in the future a big argument between parents and children.

The parents should always be patient when they are talking to their children, give them another chance to correct the mistake. It is also important for the parents to discuss the matter with their children. We have to respect our parents and listen to their advice because they are wiser and have more life ex- perience. And we want to let you know, dear parents, that we love you as much as you love us.

I mean that they ought to let their kids try to solve their problems by themselves. Split into two groups and debate the topic in class. Tell what Age and Youth are compared to and write down the adjectives that describe youth and age.

Age is Youth is Crabbed Age and Youth Cannot live together: Youth is full of pleasance, Age is full of care; Youth like summer morn, Age like winter weather; Youth like summer brave, Age like winter bare. Youth, I do adore thee! Explain whether you agree or disagree with the ideas expressed. Support your point of view. DomenicoGhirlandaio , GrandfatherandGrandson Some collective nouns can be used with singu- lar or plural verbs.

They are singular when we think of them as a whole group. In this case they may be replaced by which, that or it.

The committee has not yet decided the agenda for the next session. It is still debating on this problem. They are plural when we think of them in a more personal way, as the individuals that make up the group. The company, who are said to be real pro- fessionals, have already begun their activity. Their products are supposed to become well-known all over the world.

Some collective nouns have irregular plural forms but can be followed by either a singular or a plural verb.